Glossary
The "add this and that" stipulation typically asks you to add a given unit on the board so that certain explicit conditions are met. E.g. "Add the Black King where it stands mated" or "Add a Pawn for a mate in 2".
The implicit condition (where the retro-content lies) is that one may only add units in a way yielding a legal position!
Bengt Giöbel Polis-Tidningen 1/1, 1946 (I saw this in Problem och profiler)
11+1. Add a White Queen and then mate in 1 (a) Diagram; (b) Mirror position
Solution:
The retro-analytical trick here is quite simple. One just has to observe that the original White Queen never left the 1st rank because the white Pawns never moved. Also, no Pawn promoted into a Queen, so that we can only add the original thing. Finally, the Queen and the King could not cross, so that there are only three squares where a White Queen can be legally added: a1, b1 or c1.
Solution: +wQa1 & 1. b3#
For the mirror position, the same reasoning applies. (The Kings now are on e1 and f4.)
Solution: +wQc1 & 1. d3#